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Financial Costs

 

Dr. Dumanian, Chief of Plastic Surgery, talks about the financial commitment that comes with hand/arm transplantation.

 
 
  • Transplant centers differ on whether they view hand/arm transplantation as “standard-of-care”, that is, treatment that clinicians should consider for patients with upper limb amputation. 

  • Transplant centers that do not view hand/arm transplantation as standard-of-care can still perform hand/arm transplantation—as research, under the oversight of their Institutional Review Board or Ethics Committee.

  • Because insurance companies do not yet view hand/arm transplantation as standard-of-care, the treatment option may not be covered under health insurance.¹ 

  • As of January 2020, several transplant centers are asking health insurance companies and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) if they will pay for hand/arm transplantation, in advance of the procedure; this process is called “preauthorization.” 

  • Even if insurance covers costs related to hand/arm transplantation, such as the procedure, anti-rejection medicines, and occupational therapy, the recipient may still need to pay for part of the transplant costs, such as a copay. 

  • People seeking a hand/arm transplant should discuss the costs of hand/arm transplant with the transplant team or with the center’s transplant financial services. It is important to know how the transplant and post-transplant care and medicine will be paid for, and then develop a payment plan that will work. Costs should also include anticipated travel expenses to get to and from the transplant center for recovery and treatment.

A transplant social worker will speak with you about your financial resources and costs, including:

  • Insurance coverage and access to healthcare for transplant and other medical needs.

  • Ability to pay for your bills and expenses.

  • Cost of staying near the transplant center in a long-term or temporary residence for months to years after receiving the transplant.

  • Using disability benefits through employment to take time off for the transplant.

  • Lost income from being unable to work during the transplant surgery and recovery period.

  • The option for a family member/caregiver to take Family and Medical Leave from work to help before and after the hand/arm transplant.

  • Exploring options with medical/transplant fundraising organizations for financial assistance.

 
 

Estimated Costs for Hand/Arm Transplantation and Prosthesis Adoption in the U.S., in 2010

Item Cost
Surgical cost, preoperative evaluation, hospitalization, and physician fee Single - $13,796
Double - $14,608
Total cost of immunosuppressive therapy for 40 years (life expectancy), including drugs and clinic visits $433,283 ($362,894-$503,672)
Total cost of rejected graft amputation surgery and postoperative care time Single - $52,204 ($52,091-$52,317)
Double - $74,066 ($73,953-$74,179)
Average income lost from missing work for hand transplantation
(Lost income will vary by person. This average estimate assumes a 40-hour work week with average weekly earnings at $782.40. The estimate also assumes that patients will return to full-time work 1 year after hand transplantation)
$42,265 (varies based on personal income)
TOTAL LIFETIME COST OF HAND/ARM
TRANSPLANTATION
Single - $528,293 ($457,904-$598,682)
Double - $529,315 ($458,926-$599,704)
Average income lost from missing work for
prosthetic adaptation
(Lost income will vary by person. This average estimate assumes a 40-hour work week with average weekly earnings at $782.40. The estimate also assumes that patients will return to full-time work 12 weeks after hand transplantation)
$9,753 (varies based on personal income)
TOTAL COST OF PROSTHESIS ADOPTION Single - $20,653
Double - $41,305
Source: Chung KC, et al. An economic analysis of hand transplantation in the United States. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010;125(2):589-598.
Context: All cost calculations reflect the societal perspective and are based on Medicare fee schedules. Costs are assigned by the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for a procedure and the 2009 conversion factor.
 
 

Dr. Dumanian, Chief of Plastic Surgery, talks about the overall costs of hand/arm transplantation.

 
 

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Videos of Health Care Professionals

Angie Duckworth, Transplant Social Worker, talks about potential financial drawbacks of hand/arm transplantation for the patient and their caregivers.

Angie Duckworth, Transplant Social Worker, talks about the need to consider time off work and other financial expenses when pursuing a hand/arm transplant.

 

References

Sources

  1. Rose J, Cooney CM, Kaufman C, et al. Evolving Ethics, Policy and Reimbursement Issues of Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: Symposium summary. SAGE Open Med. 2019 Jul 26;7:20-50. eCollection 2019.